The principle and fabrication of ultra-thin light guide light
Guide plate in a translation from the English transliteration (light guide), in order to LCD applications generated the, widely used is guiding light, ultra-thin light boxes, an important part. LCD is a non self luminous products, in order to show by the brightness of the LCD plate ultra-thin light boxes will need a backlight module to show. In the development of backlight module into, key components light guide plate with the downstream products demand and began to change in different. The working principle of light guide is according to the different size, area, sharpness in transparent acrylic sheet printing reflective dots or carved grid line, make uniform light diffuse with the guide plate printed on the surface of the reflection layer or an engraving of the grid lines, change the line source illumination for surface illumination way, that is, the direction of the light guide designers need, and all of the light guide plate design are to meet the needs of downstream products of LCD and backlight module, the most important is to achieve brightness and uniformity, which seriously affected to the guide plate of ultra-thin light box product quality.
Guide plate ultra-thin light performance characteristics of thin and light, the thin 1 cm, the light can be mild to 0.5kg. Design principle and the effect can be comparable to the notebook computer liquid crystal display; make full use of the backlighting transmission properties of materials, light releasing rate is high, light to spread evenly, naturally, completely avoid free of traditional light box light tube light dark stripes; super brightness design, the brightness can reach above 2000lux in the industry leading level; energy saving and environmental protection, solar energy utilization rate of 90%, than area with traditional light energy-saving 50% - 70%; the [[[trichromatic lamp]]], image color accurate reduction; a unique anti flash drive power, safe and reliable; the quality is stable and reliable. The light guide plate of the life of 8-10 years; convenient installation: fast opening, more simple, more convenient to replace the light.
Light guide lamp is different from the traditional light box is a big advantage: can be formed. Modern buildings have a cylindrical structure, the traditional light box because of its light source need to install the wall, can not be used. Light guide lamp may according to the curvature of the cylindrical, height, width, tailor-made can as an advertising carrier, is a beautiful coat, and all these advantages are from on the light guide plate.
Light guide plate the most important and the most primitive materials for optical grade PMMA, PMMA by the oil refining monomer (MMA) and monomer (MMA) after chemical processing to make optical grade PMMA particles (can provide injection molding are beginning to use), then the optical grade PMMA particles with die casting, casting or extrusion method (injection) to fabricate optical grade PMMA plate.
Light guide plate is by injection molding method of propylene is compressed into a smooth surface of the plate, and has a highly reflective and non light absorbing materials, in acrylic plate with high reflectivity and non light absorbing materials, in the guide plate bottom surface with the laser engraving machine on the expansion of round or square scatter, when the light shines diffusion point, the reflected light will spread to every point of view, and then destroy conditioned by the light guide plate positive injection, using a variety of density, size of the point spread, the guide plate uniform luminescence. The use of reflector is exposed to the bottom of the light reflected back to the light guide plate, used to improve the light efficiency.
The classification of the light guide plate:
General light guide plate for shape, production modes and functions have different classification method, and at present there is no uniform method, after finishing
A, according to the shape of the plate and wedge plate (inclined plate)
Flat light guide plate into the light: from the view of rectangular.
Wedge: from the point of view of the light into the side of the thick and thin into a wedge (triangle).
B, in accordance with the mode of production: printing and non printing
Printing type: light guide plate complete shape processing, to print the network is printed on the reflecting surface, can be divided into IR and UV two.
Non printing type: dot in the light guide plate forming directly formed on the reflection surface. And divided into chemical etching (Etching), precision mechanical engraving (V-cut), optical lithography (Stamper), internal diffusion.
C, in accordance with the light into the way: side into the light (light tube and LED) and straight down type.
The side light type: light (lamp or LED) placed on the side of the light guide plate.
Direct type: light (lamp or LED) placed below the light guide plate.
D, according to the forming process: injection molding and cutting.
Injection molding: application of the injection molding machine will be optical grade PMMA particles using high temperature, high pressure injection mold cooling forming.
Cutting forming: the optical grade PMMA original plate after cutting process to complete the finished product.
Materials and tools needed for the production of light guide plate:
A. injection molding: optical grade PMMA particles, ink
B. cutting: optical grade PMMA plate, ink
B. optical grade PMMA particles, flat plate:
C. ink: two kinds of UV and IR
D. flat light guide plate cutting production methods into three parts:
The first is the shape processing of acrylic plate;
The second is a screen making;
Third is printed, the process flow is
A. = the original shape processing acrylic plate cutting mirror polishing processing > >.
B. = > dot design stencil making film output > net
C. = > > printing printing wash acrylic baking (IR) or ultraviolet irradiation (UV)
E. injection molding guide plate is divided into two kinds of printed and non printed, the process is basically the same, for casting mold printing no outlets cast in the fires, so the injection finished only acrylic shape, to be formed again after printing completed the light guide plate, while the non printing type is outlets of the casting in the mold, the dot and the light guide plate in injection molding.
The light guide plate making technology analysis
1 materials:
At present, the industry commonly used material for PMMA a PMMA, but the inherent drawbacks and shortcomings due to the current MMA monomer production capacity is often in the supply will be scarce, so some manufacturers began looking for alternative materials, because of the light guide plate LCD is responsible for the important parts of light transmittance is a material one of the most important basic conditions, the Japanese Nippon Zeon in recent years, the promotion of a new material Zeonor (Cycio Olefins Polymer cyclic olefin polymer, COP) its biggest advantage is that the proportion of low water absorption, worse than PMMA, but because the manufacturers do not use Zeonor capacity is only 5000 tons for the below economic scale, the price is almost four times that of PMMA, in the era of meager profit now because of cost competitive advantages of Zeonor can only be said to be a joke.
Requirements and key: acrylic size, mirror degree, surface integrity, impurity, bending, stress.
2 printing: printing mode because of its ink drying methods are divided into two kinds of IR and UV
Comparison of IR and UV printing properties
3, forming way:
The distinction is divided into three kinds of printing, injection molding and injection molding.
Because the light guide plate is an important part of the LCD industry in all the development history and technology updates are needed to meet all of the downstream products, has developed a number of different kinds of light guide plate process, but Japan has a light guide plate is divided into a first generation flat straight down type, second generation side light type printing plate the third generation side, light printing, fourth generation side light type non printing, in addition to the fifth generation of the allegedly to diffusion sheet and a prism sheet three is a new light guide, but whether it is the generation of the fifth generation so far has not officially come out, the rest of the industry are still in production so, not only the best known light guide plate is most suitable for use.
Light guide plate in the advertising display products used in display advertising industry, the light guide plate is mainly used for producing light emitting LGP slim light box, light box thickness according to different size of only 20mm to 40mm and made double side luminous. The frame can be used in aluminum, stainless steel, small size of the available wood frame, plastic molding or not to become a crystal light box, beautiful appearance. Guiding light, ultra-thin light boxes, than the same area of traditional light box (thickness 250mm, uneven lighting, shadow, like ribs, large power consumption. Saves energy by more than 60% and the plane does not heat, presentation slides will not heating yellow, deformation, installation and replacement of slides are very easy, business center, supermarket, bank, chain stores, hotels, airports, bus stations, railway station, bus station, tunnels, subway stations, trains, elevators, exhibitions, and other get the majority of businesses do media advertising the product of choice.